Communication: Commands

A command is a specifically taught cue issued by the handler to a dog, which understands that a particular pre-defined behaviour is being asked for. While often verbal, a command can be any defined signal which the dog can detect (like a hand gesture or sensation etc).

While not a necessary or especially common distinction, it is practical to consider commands in two categories:

• Formal - a very specific command requiring a very specific behaviour that cannot be rejected by the dog, and must be fully followed through by the handler. (e.g. the Recall)

• Informal - a general collection of signals that asks for a rough behaviour, which can be rejected by the dog, and may not be fully completed by the handler. (e.g. asking your dog to come over)

Note: alternative terminology might be used, being a command (formal) VS a cue (informal). However 'Cue' is used by some as a synonym for Command.

By establishing clear requirements, this distinction provides excellent practical benefits for all parties.

• A formal command demands absolute consistency on how it is issued, the behaviour required, and the success criteria. This makes formal commands reliable and so trusted to the dog, as they can confidently understand exactly what is expected. This clarity extends to knowing exactly how to avoid or escape correction, and how to access the reinforcement.

• An informal command asks the dog to perform a general sort of behaviour, which if they offer then they get reinforced. If they reject or cannot complete the informal command, then a formal command has not been diluted. And the handler can simply issue another informal command, or a formal command if appropriate.

There are considerations that must be taken in building good commands, especially in regard to formal commands. We might even consider these to be rules:

• Once issued, the command must be fully completed, including appropriate use of quality correction and reinforcement.

• The handler is responsible for issuing the command in a consistent manner, as trained, and only when the dog is likely to succeed (even if they need to be helped by the handler).

• The dog is responsible for immediately performing the commanded behaviour, to the extent of their trained ability, to completion.

A good informal command would:

• Make them distinct from any formal command, to avoid confusion.

• Be cognisant of what your are reinforcing, as informal commands are less defined for the dog

• Do not correct the dog for rejecting an informal command, they are allowed to

• Do not correct the dog for being unable to complete an informal command, they do not necessarily have the trained ability to do so.

• Be careful not to behaviour chain a formal command with an informal command.